New perspectives on electro-optic electron beam diagnostics at accelerators
by
Abstract: Electro-optic detection of the electric field carried by relativistic electron beams is important for electron beam diagnostics at state-of-the art linear electron accelerators, x-ray free electron lasers, and synchrotrons. The presentation discusses the design, fabrication, and validation of a thin-film lithium niobate on insulator electro-optic time-domain terahertz (THz) frequency electric field sensor. Thin-film lithium niobate offers unprecedented properties for the electro-optic detection of THz wave radiation pulses and transient electric fields because of the large electro-optic coefficient of the material, engineering of the velocity matching of the THz wave and optical wave, and much reduced detector size. The proof-of-concept device is realized using thin-film lithium niobate optical waveguides forming a Mach–Zehnder interferometer with interferometer arms electrically poled in opposite directions. THz waves are coupled to the fully dielectric device from free space. Microfabricated THz-bandwidth low-loss photonic waveguides, electrically poled lithium niobate, and fiber optics result in high-level integration of functionalities currently supported by bulk optical components. Experimentally validated THz frequency electric field sensor performance will be discussed. Successful proof-of-concepts on time-resolved detection of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR), detection of coherent transition radiation (CTR), and monitoring of the electron beam arrival with sub-picosecond time resolution using the fiber-coupled photonic integrated electric field sensor will be presented.